时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
In particular, a major unmet clinical challenge is predicting when and which individuals will transition from metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) to metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), a shift associated with increased cardiometabolic conditions and CVD risks (, ).
方法
We targeted peer-reviewed studies published within the last 5 years that used 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics integration to classify metabolic obesity phenotypes.；Although diagnostic criteria vary across studies, individuals are commonly categorized into four obesity phenotypes based on body mass index and the presence or absence of cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g., fasting glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids) according to NCEP-ATP III guidelines (): metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO).；These cross-study discrepancies may partly stem from population-level heterogeneity, including geographic and demographic differences across cohorts, as well as variations in underlying microbial community structure.
核心结论
Obesity is a heterogeneous, multi-factorial, and complex disease, with individuals exhibiting significant variation in metabolic health and consequently disease progression ().；In particular, a major unmet clinical challenge is predicting when and which individuals will transition from metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) to metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), a shift associated with increased cardiometabolic conditions and CVD risks (, ).；Emerging evidence suggests that the composition of the gut microbiome and gut-derived metabolites may serve as biomarkers of obesity phenotypes and early identifiers of those at higher risk of transitioning from MHO to MUO. ‖ 结论：Critically, we highlight the need for multi-omic study designs that link the full pathway from metagenomics to microbial pathways, fecal metabolites, circulating metabolites, and host phenotype, coupled with experimental validation of candidate metabolites to move the field from association toward mechanism.
局限
However, the current evidence base remains largely cross-sectional, compositional rather than functional, and rarely integrates microbiome and metabolome data within the same cohort.；Addressing these gaps will require a shift in study design toward more precise obesity phenotyping, direct microbiome functional measurement, longitudinal, multi-omic, and experimental approaches using a systems biology approach that can establish temporality and causality rather than association. summarizes the suggested directions we consider most likely to advance the field, spanning more precise classification of obesity phenotypes (including longitudinal MHO-to-MUO transitions), direct quantification of fec
对本项目的价值
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全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 17,600 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Gut microbiome and gut-derived metabolites to identify the transition from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity: a mini review.
- 期刊与标识：Front Nutr · PMID 42953211 · DOI 10.3389/fnut.2026.1989174
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