数据日期 2026-10-29 · 生成时间 2026-10-29 06:03
研究问题
[The public health burden of social isola] Social isolation, the objective lack of social contacts and integration (4), and loneliness, the distress arising from a perceived gap between desired and actual relationships (5), are distinct but related constructs.
方法
In this review, social disconnection is used only as an umbrella term for these two constructs.；By integrating epidemiological, neuroimaging, intervention, and cross-cultural evidence, this review develops a hypothesis-generating framework for these questions. ed systematic search elements to improve transparency while retaining an interpretive scope across epidemiology, neuroimaging, mechanisms, interventions, and cross-cultural evidence.；We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus database using terms for social isolation or loneliness, cognition or dementia, and older adults or ageing.；No study identified in this review modelled all proposed mediators within one longitudinal framework.
核心结论
The 2024 Lancet Commission estimated that addressing 14 modifiable factors, including depression and social isolation, could prevent or delay up to 45% of dementia cases (3).；Approximately one-quarter of older adults worldwide experience social isolation, and 20% to 34% report loneliness (6, 7).；A six-continent meta-analysis reported a pooled loneliness prevalence of 26% (95% confidence interval, 23% to 30%), with substantial regional variation (8). ‖ 结论：Progress will require harmonized measures, transparent synthesis, longitudinal and randomized designs, and culturally grounded implementation research.
局限
This narrative review with systematic search elements identifies substantial heterogeneity in associations between social isolation, loneliness, and cognitive health.；Neuroimaging and inflammatory findings support a biopsychosocial research model, while reverse causation and residual confounding remain credible alternatives (11, 19, 28, 70).；In addition, the substantial heterogeneity in exposure definitions, measurement instruments, and cognitive outcomes limited direct comparison across studies.
对本项目的价值
★★★☆☆ 脑老化是最大未满足需求，也是终点最难量化的领域；biomarker 与认知读数选择最敏感。队列：CHARLS、CLHLS；最大样本量约 15,874；设计 RCT、Meta 分析。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 37,320 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：The unequal cognitive consequences of social disconnection: mechanisms, modifiers and opportunities for dementia prevention.
- 期刊与标识：Front Psychiatry · PMID 42936341 · DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1949322**
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