数据日期 2026-10-29 · 生成时间 2026-10-29 06:03
研究问题
Population aging in Latin America is accelerating, with rising prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, particularly among women, rural residents, and people with low education [1].
方法
Participants] Seventy-five community-dwelling older adults were enrolled (mean age 72.32 years, SD 6.03; 78.7% female).；Participants self-identified as Indigenous (n = 35), Mestizo (n = 35), or Other (n = 5).；Eligibility criteria included age ≥ 60 years, birth in Ecuador, residence in the canton of Cotacachi, ability to communicate in Spanish, and availability of a close informant familiar with the participant’s everyday functioning.；Written informed consent was obtained from the participant or legal representative, as appropriate, and from the informant.
核心结论
The sample included 16 males (21.3%) and 59 females (78.7%), with mean age 72.32 years (SD = 6.03).；Age did not differ by sex (p = 0.614), nor did other sociodemographic variables.；Most participants were married (58.7%) or widowed (22.7%) and living with a partner or family member (82.7%). ‖ 结论：These findings support interpreting observed cognitive disparities within a broader context of cumulative educational, territorial, and social disadvantage rather than as an intrinsic effect of ethnicity.
局限
Accordingly, some between-group findings should be considered exploratory and require replication in larger and more heterogeneous samples.；The cross-sectional design precluded causal inference and temporal ordering, particularly regarding the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment.；Finally, the psychometric evaluation of the RUDAS in the present sample was preliminary.
对本项目的价值
★★☆☆☆ 脑老化是最大未满足需求，也是终点最难量化的领域；biomarker 与认知读数选择最敏感。最大样本量约 35；设计 横断面、问卷。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 44,004 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Social Determinants of Health and Neurocognitive Aging in Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Older Adults in Rural Andean Ecuador: A Population-Based Study in Cotacachi.
- 期刊与标识：Brain Sci · PMID 42939256 · DOI 10.3390/brainsci16101002**
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
本文属人体研究证据，但需注意：观察性或小样本干预的结论不等于已证实临床获益；效应量与长期安全性仍需更大规模、更长随访的试验验证。
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