数据日期 2026-10-29 · 生成时间 2026-10-29 06:03
研究问题
Aging is an irreversible, complex biological process characterized by a progressive, steep decline at the organismal level and in immune competence, a phenomenon known as immunosenescence.
方法
In this review, we address this critical gap by proposing three strict criteria that a true immunosenescence marker must fulfill to reliably reflect this process: (1) a progressive onset during aging; (2) a causal relationship with immunological decline, whereby an increase or worsening of the marker directly drives the progression of immune dysfunction; and (3) a capacity for reversibility or modulation upon targeted therapeutic intervention.；We systematically assess some of the hallmarks of aging, including genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of proteostasis, altered intercellular communication, and chronic inflammation, against these proposed criteria to determine their relevance as genuine, actionable hallmarks of immunosenescence.
核心结论
Beyond their baseline anti-inflammatory efficacy, HDACis possess significant therapeutic value in oncology by preventing chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) dysfunction and exhaustion; they achieve this by stimulating the wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway through the upregulated expression of the essential transcription factors LEF1A and TCF4.；Administration of β-caryophyllene, a naturally occurring terpene that selectively activates cannabinoid receptor 2, restores autophagic ability and prevents hippocampal microglia from releasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 in aged mice [47].；This age-related molecular pattern and its prognostic impact have not been observed in glioblastoma or colorectal adenocarcinoma [104]. ‖ 结论：Translating these insights into clinically applicable strategies may enable safer and more effective cancer treatments for the growing population of older adults while preserving their quality of life.
局限
全文未设独立 limitations 节；结构上为综述/二次研究，因果推断强度受限。
对本项目的价值
★★★☆☆ 炎症衰老是几乎所有慢性老年病的公共通路，也是最有希望做"抗炎但保留免疫"解耦的靶点。命中核心 线粒体；最大样本量约 750,000；设计 Meta 分析、多组学。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 83,329 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Immunosenescence in Aging and Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling, and Therapeutic Implications.
- 期刊与标识：Biomolecules · PMID 42939741 · DOI 10.3390/biom16101487**
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