数据日期 2026-10-29 · 生成时间 2026-10-29 06:03
研究问题
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are usually indolent but may show invasive growth, recurrence, hormonal hypersecretion, and treatment resistance.
方法
A widely cited systematic review estimated an overall prevalence of 16.7% by combining autopsy and radiological series (14.4% and 22.5%, respectively); this estimate is driven largely by incidentally detected lesions and should not be interpreted as the prevalence of clinically manifest disease [4].；PubMed/MEDLINE was searched and re-run through 21 September 2026 using combinations of the terms “pituitary adenoma”, “pituitary neuroendocrine tumor”, and “PitNET” with “autophagy”, “macroautophagy”, “mitophagy”, “crinophagy”, “lysosome”, “mTOR”, “AMPK”, “drug resistance”, “dopamine agonist”, “somatostatin”, “somatostatin analogue”, “octreotide”, “pasireotide”, “endoplasmic reticulum stress”, “microRNA”, “miRNA”, “lncRNA”, “circRNA”, “exosome”, “tumor microenvironment”, “immune microenvironment”, “STING”, “m6A”, “N6-methyladenosine”, “RNA methylation”, “METTL14”, “epitranscriptomics”, “TP53”, “USP8”, “USP48”, “BRAF”, “GNAS”, “AIP”, and “temozolomide”.
核心结论
A widely cited systematic review estimated an overall prevalence of 16.7% by combining autopsy and radiological series (14.4% and 22.5%, respectively); this estimate is driven largely by incidentally detected lesions and should not be interpreted as the prevalence of clinically manifest disease [4].；Whole-exome sequencing of a corticotroph series enriched for tumors at risk of aggressive behavior identified recurrent, mutually exclusive USP8 and TP53 alterations [40]; in a separate series of 86 functional corticotroph tumors, pathogenic TP53 variants were detected in 9 tumors, all macroadenomas and USP8 wild type, representing 24% of invasive tumors in that selected cohort [41].；Cecenarro and colleagues evaluated functioning PitNETs using ultrastructural and molecular approaches and reported evidence of macroautophagy in approximately 60% of tumors, with differences in Beclin-1 and LC3… ‖ 结论：These efforts should be coupled to genomic and epigenetic context, including TP53-associated aggressive corticotroph biology, without assuming that a genomic alteration predicts flux unless this is demonstrated experimentally [40,41,42].
局限
全文未设独立 limitations 节；结构上为综述/二次研究，因果推断强度受限。
对本项目的价值
★★★☆☆ 营养感知与自噬轴决定"干预窗口 + 剂量方案"，是组合疗法的时间锚。命中核心 线粒体。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 63,738 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Autophagy in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs): Molecular Mechanisms, Secretory Homeostasis, Therapeutic Resistance, and Translational Perspectives.
- 期刊与标识：Int J Mol Sci · PMID 42941964 · DOI 10.3390/ijms27209195**
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