时间标签：数据日期 2026-11-05 · 生成时间 2026-11-05 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/11/02 – 2026/11/06 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-11-05
研究问题
This highlights the current need to develop novel tasks in which core EFs are coherently organized within a single context and integrated into more complex functions, such as planning (Diamond, 2013; Koziol and Lutz, 2013).Our aim in the present study is to propose a unifying paradigm for studying EFs and the relationships among them within the context of motor control.；Timing analyses included measuring synchrony (i.e., whether the tap occurred at the same time as the beep), interval timing errors (i.e., whether the correct durations were produced), and autocorrelations of the time intervals and asynchronies, which indicate the mode of timing used, i.e., explicit or emergent.；Results will first be presented separately for each study to observe whether the findings were replicated; however, only the results from the combined dataset will be considered for interpretations.
方法
Historically defined in neuropsychology, they primarily describe the symptomatology observed in patients with frontal lobe damage (Damasio, 1994; Harlow, 1868; Shallice and Burgess, 1991).；Early research introduced a range of theoretical concepts such as planning, reasoning, impulsivity, and inhibition, alongside tasks designed to assess them (e.g., the Tower of London, Shallice, 1982; or the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Grant and Berg, 1948), emphasizing the diversity of symptoms observed in frontal patients.；During finger tapping, participants are instructed to repeat finger taps according to a specific timing goal, which can be either internally generated or externally provided, for example, by a metronome.
核心结论
More recent work has highlighted the unity underlying the diversity of EFs (Friedman and Miyake, 2017; Miyake et al., 2000; Miyake and Friedman, 2012) by identifying and distinguishing three core functions, namely working memory, inhibition, and switching, and demonstrating their contribution to more complex tasks using a latent-variable approach (Miyake et al., 2000).；Evidence from the motor control literature indicates that motor tasks requiring explicit timing control recruit working memory mechanisms (Bååth et al., 2016; Broadway and Engle, 2011a, 2011b; Brown, 2006; Holm et al., 2017; Maes et al., 2015; Ogden et al., 2011).；Altogether, these findings suggest that the mode of control can shift within the same motor task, particularly by manipulating the time interval between successive movements to make movement sequences more discrete or more continuous.
局限
However, both may involve a common principle: minimizing transition costs through anticipatory control associated with distinct task instructions in classic task-switching paradigms (Rogers and Monsell, 1995) and with successive motor commands in spatial tasks (Roerdink et al., 2008).；Results will first be presented separately for each study to observe whether the findings were replicated; however, only the results from the combined dataset will be considered for interpretations.；However, several studies suggest that working memory may be relatively preserved in schizophrenia (Frith and Done, 1989; Koike et al., 2013; Smith et al., 1998).
对本项目的价值
中等价值：属「脑老化与神经退行」方向；脑老化 / 神经退行 / 认知栏目可用作本项目文献库与综述素材。 ｜ 价值分 2.9/5（★★★☆☆）
全文来源
PubMed PMC JATS（正文 62,077 字符，题名指纹 0.87，已过 PubMed PMCID 官方关联 + 题名指纹 + 正文长度归属校验）
原文题录
- 中文题名：复杂运动任务中执行功能与时空控制关系的探索性研究：空间敲击任务
- 英文标题：An exploratory study of relationships between the executive functions and spatiotemporal control in a complex motor task: the spatial tapping task.
- 期刊与标识：Frontiers in human neuroscience · PMID 42973654 · DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1881291 · PMC PMC13724540