时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
Metformin remains an important treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), within an individualized approach that considers comorbidities and treatment goals ().；The Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study also associated longer cumulative metformin exposure with low vitamin B12 status; however, that population was originally recruited for diabetes prevention rather than treatment of established T2DM ().
方法
The study enrolled 400 patients diagnosed with T2DM who met the following criteria.；The minimum sample size for estimating a single proportion was calculated as n = Z²p(1 - p)/d², using an anticipated prevalence of 22.2% based on Kim et al.；The calculation yielded 265.40, corresponding to a minimum of 266 participants after rounding upward.；Patients were included if they met the stated eligibility criteria and provided informed consent.
核心结论
The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency differed significantly according to sex, duration of diabetes, and alcohol consumption (p < 0.05).；Specifically, the rate was higher in men (30.8%), in patients reporting alcohol consumption (37.3%), and tended to increase with diabetes duration, from 16.5% in the group with diabetes duration <5 years to 31.7% in the group with diabetes duration >10 years.；Age group, smoking, physical exercise, and comorbidity status were not significantly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency (p > 0.05) (). ‖ 结论：These results should be interpreted as clinical associations, not established causal risk factors or a validated prediction rule.
局限
The dose groups were unequal, with 273 of 400 participants receiving >1500 mg/day, and a current prescription may not reflect cumulative exposure or previous dose changes.；Attenuation after adjustment does not establish mediation, explain the sex difference, or demonstrate a more direct causal influence of another covariate.；Alcohol consumption in our analysis was represented by a self-reported yes/no variable.
对本项目的价值
★☆☆☆☆ 代谢轴既干预敏感性最高，也是老药新用供给最充足的来源。设计 cross-sectional。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 21,950 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Prevalence and associated factors of vitamin B12 deficiency among Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin therapy: a cross-sectional study.
- 期刊与标识：Front Clin Diabetes Healthc · PMID 42964166 · DOI 10.3389/fcdhc.2026.1924740
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
本文属人体研究证据，但需注意：观察性或小样本干预的结论不等于已证实临床获益；效应量与长期安全性仍需更大规模、更长随访的试验验证。
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