数据日期 2026-10-29 · 生成时间 2026-10-29 06:03
研究问题
Retinal neurodegeneration represents a pressing public health challenge, given its substantial contribution to irreversible vision loss worldwide.
方法
The supplement evidence discussed in this review pertains exclusively to open-angle glaucoma; no comparable data exist for angle-closure disease.；Cardiometabolic disease and a family history of AMD further exacerbate these risks (Hu et al., 2025; Jeong et al., 2025; Kong et al., 2025). clinical trial search to identify preclinical and clinical evidence on emerging supplements for ocular health.；For the literature review, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE for studies published within the past 10 years using the following advance search terms:(supplement*[tiab] OR nutraceutical*[tiab] OR “dietary supplement*”[tiab] OR vitamin*[tiab] OR micronutrient*[tiab] OR antioxidant*[tiab] OR “omega-3”[tiab] OR PUFA[tiab]) AND (eye[tiab] OR ocular[tiab] OR retina*[tiab] OR retinal[tiab] OR vision[tiab] OR visual[tiab] OR ophthalm*[tiab]) AND (“Age-Related Macular Degeneration”[Mesh] OR “Diabetic Retinopathy”[Mesh] OR “Glaucoma”[Mesh] OR “macular degeneration”[tiab] OR “diabetic macular edema”[tiab] OR “diabetic retinopathy”[tiab] OR glaucoma[tiab]) AND (Clinical Trial[pt] OR Randomized Controlled…
核心结论
Histological and in vivo imaging studies have consistently demonstrated that retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) decline at an annual rate of approximately 0.5%–0.6%, corresponding to a loss of 6,000–6,700 RGCs per year (Vilasboas-Campos et al., 2025).；Specifically, each additional year of age acceleration measured using the Horvath clock was associated with 15% higher odds of fast progression (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.07–1.23; P < 0.001).；The prevalence of DR is closely tied to the worldwide epidemic of diabetes, with recent meta-analyses estimating a global prevalence of any DR at approximately 35%, including proliferative forms and clinically significant macular edema. ‖ 结论：These four were selected from a heterogeneous landscape of over 40 identified supplements because they uniquely converge on aging-related biological pathways across all three diseases examined, maintain a coherent translational trajectory from bench to early clinical evidence, and raise clinically actionable questions around dosing, safety, and patient counseling.
局限
The heterogeneity of the included interventions and evidence—including preclinical studies, observational studies, and clinical trials—limits direct comparisons and precludes conclusions regarding comparative efficacy.；These limitations should be considered when interpreting the proposed framework and its potential clinical implications.
对本项目的价值
★★★★★ 脑老化是最大未满足需求，也是终点最难量化的领域；biomarker 与认知读数选择最敏感。命中核心 NAD⁺轴；队列：UK Biobank、NHANES；最大样本量约 5,780；设计 RCT、Meta 分析。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 94,871 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Retinal neurodegeneration as accelerated ocular aging: a review of nutritional and metabolic supplements.
- 期刊与标识：Front Aging · PMID 42936152 · DOI 10.3389/fragi.2026.1912337**
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