时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
Arthroscopic repair has become technically sophisticated, yet structural failure remains common in large, chronic, revision, and degenerative tears (; ; ; ).；We distinguish direct human evidence from animal and extrapolated evidence when identifying therapeutic design principles and testable translational gaps.
方法
Immune cells clear necrotic tissue, sense damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP), shape angiogenesis, control matrix turnover, and alter lineage decisions in resident and recruited progenitors(; ).；Neutrophils are among the earliest cells recruited to injured connective tissue.；Monocytes recruited through chemokine axes such as CCL2–CCR2 differentiate into macrophages and contribute to both inflammatory and reparative pools ().
核心结论
We reserve tendon–bone for the interface or for a broad anatomical context, and use tendon-to-bone healing when discussing repair outcomes.；At the same time, excessive or unresolved inflammation promotes tenocyte senescence, matrix metalloproteinase activity, fibroblast activation, scar formation, fatty degeneration, and impaired bone-side integration (; ).；Studies were selected for relevance to human rotator cuff pathology or repair, causal rotator cuff experiments, mechanistic work in other tendon/tendon–bone systems, or broader biology needed to explain a proposed mechanism. ‖ 结论：Together with human evidence for bursal resolution mediators and disease-associated immune heterogeneity discussed above, these findings raise the possibility that indiscriminate bursectomy removes both pathological and potentially pro-reparative signals.
局限
Clinical evidence is more nuanced: preoperative injections have been associated in some observational syntheses with higher revision or infection risk when administered close to repair or repeatedly (), whereas postoperative injections given after the earliest healing phase may provide short-term pain and functional benefit without a consistent increase in retear rates ().；By contrast, contemporary clinical meta-analyses of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair have not demonstrated a clear increase in retear risk with short postoperative NSAID courses, particularly for non-selective agents, although certainty remains limited and selective COX-2 inhibition may not be biologically equivalent to no
对本项目的价值
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全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 60,165 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Immune microenvironment in rotator cuff healing: from macrophage dynamics to immunomodulatory regenerative therapies.
- 期刊与标识：Front Bioeng Biotechnol · PMID 42964298 · DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1990381
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
本文属人体研究证据，但需注意：观察性或小样本干预的结论不等于已证实临床获益；效应量与长期安全性仍需更大规模、更长随访的试验验证。
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