时间标签：数据日期 2026-11-05 · 生成时间 2026-11-05 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/11/02 – 2026/11/06 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-11-05
研究问题
Specifically, we aimed to (1) evaluate change in neural functional connectivity over the first year of life; (2) compare neural functional connectivity between infants at high- and low-familial risk for ADHD; and (3) assess the association between neural connectivity during infancy with ADHD-related behaviors in toddlerhood.；We hypothesized that infants at high risk for ADHD would have greater connectivity between the dlPFC and regions of the DAN (superior and inferior parietal, FEF) necessary to sustain attention during the low cognitive load task.；All reported results were restricted to oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO–HbO) channel pairs.3ResultsAcross Tables 2–4, R represents the estimated connectivity effect (in correlation units) for the specified model contrast, while t represents the corresponding mixed-effects model test statistic evaluating whether that effect differs from zero.
方法
Thus, familial risk cohorts have been helpful for examining early signals of risk for developing childhood ADHD (see Miller et al., 2023).；Specifically, we aimed to (1) evaluate change in neural functional connectivity over the first year of life; (2) compare neural functional connectivity between infants at high- and low-familial risk for ADHD; and (3) assess the association between neural connectivity during infancy with ADHD-related behaviors in toddlerhood.；Across the sample, we expected to see increasing connectivity between dlPFC-DAN at 12–14 months of age as compared to 8–10 months of age.
核心结论
Overall, infants in both groups had very low rates of birth-related risk factors.；These findings were consistent with hypothesized increases in dlPFC-DAN connectivity across the first year of life.；Together, these findings are consistent with a strengthening of left frontal network connectivity alongside a reduction in right frontoparietal connectivity across the first year of life, potentially reflecting an early emergence of hemispheric specialization in frontal networks.Figure 2Functional connectivity change from Visit 1 (8–10 months) to Visit 2 (12–14 months of age).
局限
Efficiency in connectivity between these frontoparietal regions typically improves with age and mediates the development of executive functioning skills (Buss et al., 2014; Buss and Spencer, 2017).Children with ADHD may show delayed involvement of the prefrontal cortex and less efficiency in connectivity (requiring greater connectivity to achieve sustained attention) between frontoparietal regions across the first year of life, but this possibility has yet to be tested in part due to prior limitations in functional neuroimaging technology.；Originally, 59 infants were recruited; however, 15 participants were removed from the present analysis due to infant fussing/crying (n = 8), technical error (n = 1), or missing data at time 2 (n = 6) resulting in a final sample size of 44.；However, a mixed pattern of frontoparietal connectivity was seen with decreased connectivity between the left dlPFC and right parietal cortex but increased connectivity between the right frontal eye field and left parietal cortex (Table 3).Direct comparison of connectivity change across development between risk groups revealed significantly greater connectivity changes in high- relative to low-risk children (Figure 4).
对本项目的价值
中等价值：属「脑老化与神经退行」方向；脑老化 / 神经退行 / 认知栏目可用作本项目文献库与综述素材。 ｜ 价值分 2.9/5（★★★☆☆）
全文来源
PubMed PMC JATS（正文 41,534 字符，题名指纹 0.96，已过 PubMed PMCID 官方关联 + 题名指纹 + 正文长度归属校验）
原文题录
- 中文题名：幼儿期注意缺陷多动障碍家族风险及相关行为与婴儿期额顶叶发育改变的初步关联（fNIRS 测量）
- 英文标题：Familial risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and related behaviors in toddlerhood are preliminarily associated with altered frontoparietal development in infancy measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy.
- 期刊与标识：Frontiers in neuroscience · PMID 42978909 · DOI 10.3389/fnins.2026.1919928 · PMC PMC13727730