数据日期 2026-10-29 · 生成时间 2026-10-29 06:03
研究问题
With increased life expectancy, the prevalence of chronic age-related degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) and dementia has risen.
方法
This trial was a multicenter, randomized controlled dietary-intervention study conducted in Spain to evaluate the effects of a traditional Mediterranean diet on primary prevention of CVD.；Participants were free of clinical CVD and dementia at baseline yet presented a high CVD risk profile.；Eligible participants were men aged 55–80 years or women aged 60–80 years who had type-2 diabetes or met at least three of the following criteria: current smoking, overweight/obesity, hypertension, elevated LDL-C, reduced HDL-C, or a family history of premature CVD [32,33].；For the case–cohort design, we selected 106 incident dementia cases with available biological samples, and a random sub-cohort of 209 participants from the full PREDIMED population who also had available biological samples.
核心结论
结论：In conclusion, HDL functional properties, specifically their capacity to remove excess cholesterol from neurons and to protect brain microvascular endothelial cells, along with lower circulating concentrations of 24S-HC, were associated with a reduced incidence of dementia and AD in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.
局限
Nevertheless, we cannot rule out the possibility of reverse causality, as early preclinical neurodegeneration may lead to elevated 24S-HC levels rather than elevated 24S-HC contributing to dementia pathogenesis.；Finally, the study population consisted of older adults at high cardiovascular risk, which may limit the generalizability of our results to other groups with different baseline risk profiles.；The homogeneity of the study population may limit the generalizability of the findings to younger individuals, populations at lower cardiovascular risk, different pathologies, or those from different geographic or ethnic backgrounds.
对本项目的价值
★★☆☆☆ 脑老化是最大未满足需求，也是终点最难量化的领域；biomarker 与认知读数选择最敏感。最大样本量约 272；设计 孟德尔随机化、前瞻队列。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 29,046 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：HDL Functionality, Cholesterol-Related Biomarkers and Incidence of Dementia: A Case-Cohort Study in Older Adults at High Cardiovascular Risk.
- 期刊与标识：Int J Mol Sci · PMID 42941970 · DOI 10.3390/ijms27209197**
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
本文属人体研究证据，但需注意：观察性或小样本干预的结论不等于已证实临床获益；效应量与长期安全性仍需更大规模、更长随访的试验验证。
关于本文的文献来源：本站依据 IMA 知识库「五刊监控·深度文献卡片」撰写，依据已获取的期刊全文（方法、样本量与结论已回到原文核对）；未能获取全文的同批条目另行标注「摘要级」，全程未做任何数值推算补全。