时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
Exercise is increasingly recognized as a modifiable influence on brain health across the life course.；Its relevance is especially evident in aging, when the maintenance of cognitive function becomes a major public-health priority and the biological burden of neurodegenerative disease increases (; ; ).
方法
No restriction was applied to study design because the objective was not to estimate pooled effects but to integrate evidence across biological levels and identify mechanistic relationships and translational limitations.；Circulating irisin may change with exercise intensity, but estimates depend strongly on assay performance, training status, and sampling time (; ).；Mechanical loading may alter osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and animal studies support links with metabolism and cognition; however, the active molecular form, assay comparability, and causal significance in humans remain debated (; ; ).
核心结论
In this review, “brain remodeling” refers to relatively sustained molecular, cellular, vascular, structural, or functional adaptations associated with repeated exercise exposure and detectable beyond the immediate physiological response to a single bout.；Transient changes in circulating metabolites, cytokines, catecholamines, cerebral perfusion, blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals, arousal, or task performance are treated here as acute physiological or neural responses that may participate in, precede, or modulate longer-term adaptation but are not themselves considered evidence of brain remodeling.；Distinguishing these timescales is essential because an acute response can represent a regulatory signal, a temporary state, or a candidate trigger without demonstrating persistent neural adaptation. ‖ 结论：In Parkinson disease, exercise recommendations appropriately emphasize aerobic, resistance, balance, gait, and task-specific goals together with safety and function ().
局限
Age, disease stage, functional limitation, baseline fitness, medication, fall risk, preference, access, and adherence can already support pragmatic stratification.；Progress will depend on preregistered longitudinal interventions, source-resolved biomarkers, cross-species pathway validation, multimodal target-engagement measures, and externally validated models of response heterogeneity.
对本项目的价值
★☆☆☆☆ 脑老化是最大未满足需求，也是终点最难量化的领域；biomarker 与认知读数选择最敏感。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 50,898 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Exercise-related brain remodeling through bidirectional brain-body crosstalk: an integrative narrative review.
- 期刊与标识：Front Integr Neurosci · PMID 42952991 · DOI 10.3389/fnint.2026.1954740
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