时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
One key question concerns whether and, if so, how the ability to prioritize information changes with aging.；However, even for relatively simple stimuli, work manipulating the timing of value cues suggests that providing value information before encoding can be especially advantageous (e.g., ; , cf. ).；This raises the question of whether people adapt their language comprehension strategies under different value conditions, and, if so, whether these adaptations are effective and used similarly by older and younger adults.
方法
Using the smallest relevant effect size from that study, we estimated that 48 participants would provide at least 80% power to detect the expected ERP effects at α = 0.05.；Accordingly, data are reported from 48 participants who were recruited from the Urbana-Champaign community.；Participants were between 18 and 28 years old (Mean = 20.60, SD= 2.46, range = 18–28, 34 self-reported as female) and right-handed native English speakers with normal or corrected-to-normal vision and no history of neurological disorder.；Participants were given course credit or monetary compensation for their participation.
核心结论
Lures were further separated according to whether they came from strongly constraining sentence frames (SC Lures) or weakly constraining sentence frames (WC Lures).；Trial-level behavioral responses were entered into a mixed effects logistic regression model with Value (High, Low), Category (New, SC Lure, WC Lure), and their interaction as fixed effects and random intercepts for participants and items but no by-participant or by-item slopes.；Participants were more likely to falsely recognize Lure items than New items, β = −0.42, z = −3.18, p < 0.005, but false alarm rates did not differ reliably between SC and WC Lures, β = 0.22, z = 1.38, p = 0.17. ‖ 结论：In conclusion, we provide evidence that both younger and older adults can use value information to guide memory for complex linguistic input.
局限
This pattern is consistent with recent work suggesting that prediction-related processes indexed by the AP may not be graded by attention or task engagement (cf. ; ).；This finding contrasts with prior work showing a lack of AP effects in older adults (; ) and more general findings indicating reductions of engagement in active prediction (; ; ).；Thus, in memory-demanding tasks, prediction may not always be beneficial and may, under some conditions, be counterproductive.
对本项目的价值
★☆☆☆☆ 方法学进展决定我们能否在有限样本下检出真实效应，属基础设施级收益。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 97,579 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Prioritizing meaning: value, prediction, and age differences in sentence processing.
- 期刊与标识：Front Cognit · PMID 42959776 · DOI 10.3389/fcogn.2026.1862899
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
本文属人体研究证据，但需注意：观察性或小样本干预的结论不等于已证实临床获益；效应量与长期安全性仍需更大规模、更长随访的试验验证。
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