时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
Although volumes of the CA, DG, and subiculum decline in T2D (Monereo‐Sánchez et al. ), it remains unclear how glucose metabolism influences hippocampal subfield volumes and function in older individuals at risk for developing T2D.；Based on prior evidence of hippocampal atrophy and memory decline in T2D‐associated risk factors (Zhang et al. ; Cherbuin et al. ; Dong et al. ), we hypothesized that higher A1c levels (T2D risk) would be associated with reduced volumes of gray and white matter, hippocampal subfields, and poorer spatial memory performance.；In addition, we hypothesized that associations between A1c and spatial memory variables would parallel the volumes of hippocampal subfields previously linked to these functions (i.e., CA1, CA3, and DG; Takehara‐Nishiuchi ; Yassa and Stark ; Bakker et al. ).
方法
This cross‐sectional study examined baseline data from a randomized control trial (RCT; clinicaltrials.gov: ) investigating the effects of an exercise intervention on brain structure and cognitive functioning in older adults at risk for T2D.；Participants were recruited between May 2022 until November 2023 using posters advertised around the city of London, Ontario.；We included participants who met the following criteria: (1) community‐dwelling; (2) aged 60–80 years; (3) one T2D risk factor (BMI > 25, fasting plasma glucose [FPG] levels between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol/L, A1c levels between 6.0% and 6.4% (Goldenberg and Punthakee ) or scored > 21 on the Canadian Diabetes Risk Questionnaire [CANRISK; Robinson et al. ]); (4) scored > 24/30 on the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE); Folstein et al.
核心结论
Corresponding bilateral data from the subiculum and CA4 were excluded due to containing outliers in either the left or right subfields used to calculate the bilateral volumes.；While controlling for age, sex, MoCA score, and ICV, higher blood sugar levels were associated with larger hippocampal volumes, as demonstrated by positive correlations between A1c levels and the bilateral DG (r = 0.396, p = 0.006) and CA2 (r = 0.292, p = 0.049); left DG (r = 0.353, p = 0.016); and right DG (r = 0.408, p = 0.005) and CA2 (r = 0.318, p = 0.031) volumes (see Figure ).；All other brain volumes were not significantly correlated with A1c levels (p's > 0.05). ‖ 结论：More broadly, this study highlights that individual hippocampal subfields differentially relate to spatial cognition, supporting the value of high‐resolution subfield approaches in understanding early brain–metabolic interactions.
局限
Future studies incorporating measures of dietary behavior and food reward may help clarify whether these factors contribute to hippocampal structural differences in older adults at risk for T2D.；Furthermore, future studies should also include measures of inflammation to examine the role of inflammatory processes in hippocampal subfield alterations associated with glycemic control.；Participants also had glucose levels within the normal range, suggesting that associations between glycemic measures and spatial pattern separation may not be detectable at the lower end of the glycemic spectrum or during the pre‐clinical phase of diabetes.
对本项目的价值
★☆☆☆☆ 脑老化是最大未满足需求，也是终点最难量化的领域；biomarker 与认知读数选择最敏感。设计 cross-sectional。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 32,853 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Hippocampal Subfield Volumes and Spatial Memory Performance in Older Adults At-Risk for Type 2 Diabetes.
- 期刊与标识：Hippocampus · PMID 42951841 · DOI 10.1002/hipo.70144
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
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