时间标签：数据日期 2026-10-31 · 生成时间 2026-11-01 05:30（Asia/Shanghai）｜ 检索窗口 PubMed edat 2026/10/28–2026/10/31 ｜ 情报发生日期 2026-10-31
研究问题
The Tromsø Study is a population-based study conducted since 1974 in the municipality of Tromsø, Norway.；It consists of 7 waves, known as Tromsø1 through Tromsø7, with a total of 45,473 people attending 1 or more surveys.
方法
Questionnaires, biological samples, and health examinations were used to collect data.；The present analysis includes data collected from 5 waves of the Tromsø Study (1986-2016), including Tromsø3 (1986-1987), Tromsø4 (1994-1995), Tromsø5 (2001), Tromsø6 (2007-2008), and Tromsø7 (2015-2016)., Tromsø4 to 7 also included a second, more extensive examination of the participants.；In Tromsø7, 8346 participants attended this follow-up visit, and 7778 of them underwent a 12-lead ECG examination.；Of these, 5770 participants have attended at least 3 of 5 waves and 28 excluded because of 1 or more missing values in the measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) values, body mass index (BMI), and total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.
核心结论
However, the proportion of women was higher in the stable low-risk cluster (cluster 1, n=1233, 76.9%) and lower in the high-risk cluster (cluster 4, n=361, 43.8%).；Compared with the reference low-risk stable group, cluster 1, δ-age was on average 0.76 years (95% CI, 0.32-1.21) higher in cluster 2, 1.34 years (95% CI, 0.89-1.78) higher in cluster 3, and 1.61 years (95% CI, 1.09-2.13) higher in cluster 4, after adjustment for sex and baseline age.；Across the whole cohort (B), each 1 SD increase in δ-age was associated with a 30% higher hazard of MI (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06-1.60), a 27% higher hazard of stroke (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.02-1.58), and a 27% higher hazard of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.08-1.50), independently of sex and chronological age. ‖ 结论：Further work should also establish whether serial ECGs can capture within person change in δ-age, whether δ-age responds to modification of the underlying risk factors, and whether these findings replicate in ethnically diverse cohorts and in populations with a higher burden of clinical events.
局限
Finally, natural-effects models assume no exposure-induced mediator-outcome confounding, an assumption that interim medication use may violate.；One of the limitations of this study is that the δ-age metric was derived from the CNN trained on Mayo hospital patients ECG data.；It may reflect pathological rather than healthy aging, therefore may not be fully applicable to a community cohort.
对本项目的价值
★☆☆☆☆ 血管老化提供可影像量化、可短期读取的中间终点，适合做机制到临床的桥接。
全文来源
PMC JATS 全文（正文 22,707 字符，已过标题/DOI 逐字归属校验）
原文题录
- 英文标题：Clustering of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Midlife Forms Trajectories That Affect Heart Aging Biomarker and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease.
- 期刊与标识：Mayo Clin Proc Digit Health · PMID 42960263 · DOI 10.1016/j.mcpdig.2026.100425
A 级证据分级：A 级（同行评议人体研究）
本文属人体研究证据，但需注意：观察性或小样本干预的结论不等于已证实临床获益；效应量与长期安全性仍需更大规模、更长随访的试验验证。
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